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Advertisement; Is It Good or Bad?



            Advertisement is a commercial broadcast information of the availability of services,  products and ideas that can be benefited by the society with or without retaining to the pertinent broadcasting institution. Based on BuzzCity research, Indonesia’s Internet user has rapidly increased in the amount of 31 % from fourth quarter of 2010 to first quarter of 2011. Indonesia took up the second position of mobile advertisements. Hence, Indonesia is one of potential nation in which producers can promote their products through advertisements. A partner in the advertising firm Chuck Blore & Don Ruchman, Inc., Chuck Blore, stated that advertising is the art of arresting the human intelligence just long enough to get money from it (Bagdikian, 2000). Producers gratify their desire by marketing their products throughout creative advertisements aiming to attract people to buy their products. It is not impossible that they promote their products not in honest way. Thus, advertising is not a paramount importance in marketing strategy.

            Some opponents may plead that advertising has a substantial role in marketing products. They think that advertisements can help them in getting amount of customers. As long as the customers are fascinated in a particular product, they will utilize that product in long time. It impacts on the products sale and income the producer gets. However, increasing the quality of the products is more important than promote the products via advertisement. Moreover, some may argue that advertisement  shows the products superiority. Through advertisement, producers persuade customer that their products are the best. Nevertheless, this confidence cannot go further; this may lead to public falsehood. To summarize the ideas above, advertisement is harmful.

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Free Fee-Paying Education

            Free fee-paying education has been debated for years. Pros have a base that by freeing tuition fee, all of elements of society are able to have a good education. It means that no more poor people cannot go to school because of lack of fund. On the other hand, cons believe that best education needs more finances. They think best education needs best medium means more finances. I personally think that the government should free the tuition fees from kindergarten to higher education.
            Each country has its own regulation of education. Indonesia has a noble aim as it is stated in the preamble of the constitution; to educate the life of the people. Young, old, male, female, all of people need education. In addition, Indonesian Constitution regulates many things related to the country, one of them is education. As in the second verse of article 31, the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, stated that every citizen has the obligation to undertake basic education and the government has the obligation to fund this. Government has been estimating 20.2 % of APBN for education in 2012. That is a minimal amount of estimation of educational fund. For that reason, government should increase the amount of educational fund in APBN.

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Pidato Kiai Hasyim yang Menghebohkan

            Awal Juni 2012, beredar teks pidato Rais Syuriah PBNU KH. A. Hasyim Muzadi di beberapa media online. Sebagian media lantas memuat berita beredarnya pidato itu dengan judul “Inilah Pidato KH. Hasyim yang Menghebohkan Itu”.
         Saat dikonfirmasi oleh wartawan, mantan Ketua Umum PBNU dua periode itu membenarkan isi pidato yang tersebar. Statemen itu diungkapkannya saat menghadiri diskusi Peran Tokoh Islam dalam Perumusan Pancasila di gedung PP Muhammadiyah di Jakarta Pusat, pada Jum’at (1/6) malam. Kegiatan ini dihadiri sejumlah tokoh seperti Amien Rais dan Jimly Asshiddiqie.
            Secara umum, isi pidato Kiai Hasyim adalah respon atas tuduhan negara-negara anggota PBB yang menurut mereka, warga Indonesia kian menunjukkan sikap intoleransi beragama sehingga banyak terjadi kasus kekerasan. Karena itu, Indonesia didesak peserta sidang Dewan HAM PBB melalui mekanisme UPR (Universal Periodic Review) di Jenewa, Swiss, pada akhir Mei lalu, untuk memperhatikan dengan serius isu intoleransi beragama yang ada di Indonesia. Dalam sidang tersebut, Indonesia dievaluasi oleh nyaris 40% negara anggota atau sebanyak 74 negara di sesi ke-13. Menurut mereka, intoleransi di Indonesia harus menjadi perhatian serius.
            Selain itu, RI juga didorong untuk meratifikasi konvensi ILO (International Labor Organization) untuk Pekerja Rumah Tangga 189 dan segera mengambil kebijakan untuk menangani masalah Papua. Maka di depan Dewan HAM PBB, pemerintah Indonesia yang diwakili oleh Menteri Luar Negeri Marty Natalegawa berjanji akan meletakkan persoalan kebebasan beragama sebagai prioritas kerja pemerintah Indonesia.
            Di tengah desakan negara-negara itulah Kiai Hasyim Muzadi yang juga Presiden WCRP (World Conference on Religions for Peace) dan Sekjen ICIS (International Conference for Islamic Scholars)memberikan jawaban atas tuduhan itu. Berikut isinya:

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The Order of Illuminati

           Illuminati berasal dari nama yang diberikan oleh para rahib gereja Nicene. Awalnya kepada mereka yang berserah diri untuk dibaptis menjadi Kristen. Illuminati adalah mereka yang menerima cahaya atau pencerahan. Menerima petunjuk tatkala dibaptis ke dalam iman Katolik. Illuminati merupakan sebuah sekte mistik gereja Katolik pada awal abad ke-16. Sekte mistik tersebut disusupi oleh anasir Qabala yang tengah dikejar-kejar oleh gereja di masa Inkuisisi Spanyol. Gereja Katolik beranggapan kepercayaan tersebut sebagai bid’ah dan mereka tetap menjadi sasaran Inkuisisi.
Kurang lebih seabad lamanya kaum Illuminati Yahudi tidak terdengar gaungnya. Mereka bergerak dengan sangat rahasia. Tahun 1771 nama Illuminati muncul kembali, sebagai sebuah organisasi yang didirikan Adam Weishaupt di Inglostadt, Bavaria. Tentang Adam Weishaupt bisa dilihat di Wikipedia atau banyak link penjelas lainnya. Pada tahun 1771, Adam Weishaupt memutuskan untuk membentuk sebuah masyarakat rahasia. Misi ordo Qabala putih kuno adalah mengubah arah peradaban umat manusia.
Qabala diambil dari kata Ibrani: Qibil yang berarti menerima. Maknanya menerima doktrin okultisme (ilmu sihir) rahasia. Qabala ‘tetep’ merupakan kepercayaan Yahudi yang sangat rahasia, ajarannya hanya diketahui oleh anggotanya. Pendeta tinggi Qabala memutuskan tradisi okultisme kuno untuk direkam secara tertulis ke atas papyrus berupa gulungan (scroll). Hal tersebut merupakan salah satu upaya agar ajaran itu dapat diwariskan kepada generasi Yahudi berikutnya. Qabala dihimpun dari berbagai tradisi lisan ke dalam bebrapa gulungan kemudian dijilid kedalam sebuah kitab yang utuh. Tugas tersebut di emban oleh rabbi (guru) [baca: pemuka agama Yahudi].
Qabala menjadi dua jilid: Sefer Yetzerah dan Sefer  Zohar. Berbicara tentang genesis dan keagungan. Kemudian di Eropa muncul kitab ajaran Qabala yang baru bernama Sefer Bahir atau biasa disebut dengan kitab cahaya. Ketiga kitab itu semuanya tertulis dalam bahasa Ibrani yang kemudian diterjemahkan dalam berbagai bahasa Eropa.
Yahudi Qabalis menyatakan permusuhan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, Maha Pencipta Alam Semesta. Iblis atau Lucifer diperlakukan dengan tidak adil dan ia adalah satu-satunya Tuhan yang patut disembah. Iblis adalah Tuhan mereka. Iblis atau khususnya Setan (bahasa Semit; termasuk bahasa Arab) berarti pemberontak. Qabalis tidak menyebutnya dengan nama Iblis melainkan menyebutnya dengan nama Lucifer (pembawa sinar cahaya). Penggunaan kata iblis mereka anggap sebgai penghujatan kepada tuhan mereka.

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Indian Education By Sharmen Alexie Analysis

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background of Choosing the Topics
Literature is imaginative or creative writing, especially of recognized artistic value; literature must be an analysis of experience and a synthesis of the findings into a unity (Rebecca West). Much has been written about literature, Jonee Jr. (1969: 1), for instance, stated that literature includes all written material divided into two different groups. Literature of knowledge functions in teaching and learning process, as scientific articles, dictionaries, directories, school textbooks, history books, etc. Another group is literature of power functioning in movement as short stories, novels, poems, plays, magazines, etc. Short story is one of literary works which has both intrinsic and extrinsic unsure. This paper focuses on intrinsic unsure, specifically on character and characterization of the story. Due to the illustration above, the writer conducts an analysis on Indian Education by Sherman Alexie.
Sherman Joseph Alexie, Jr. (born October 7, 1966) is a poet, writer, filmmaker, and occasionally comedian. He lives in Seattle, Washington. He tends to irreverence and provocation. It is often playful and ironic; it can be both poignant and humorous (Diyanni, 2004). The story of the school years of a boy on an Indian Reservation, from the first grade to post graduation and the cruelty his deals with both from students and teachers, during this time period.
1.2. Objective of the Study
The primary objective of this analysis is to reveals the character and characterization in the short story titled Indian Education. The objectives of this study are to dig out the more information about character and characterization through literary work of Sherman Alexie.
1.3. Statement of Problem
Based on the previous background of the choosing the topic, the statement of problem can be formulated as follows:
1. What category do the characters belong to?
2. What is the characterization used in characterizing the characters?

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The Yellow Wallpaper

The Yellow Wallpaper (YW) is a novel written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. This short story consists of nine pages which are approximately 6000 words. The New England Magazine was the one who first published The Yellow Wallpaper in January 1892. This story is such an autobiography of Gilman herself in which tells that she suffered from neurasthenia. YW is an epistolary novel; story that written in kind of letter form. In Indonesia, we also have epistolary novel titled Habis Gelap Terbitlah Terang composed by R.A. Kartini. The story also has been classified a gothic and horror fiction. Below are the elements of fiction of this story.



Gilman carried feminism as her theme in this story. Feminism is the belief and aim that women should have the same rights, power, and opportunities as men. YW illustrated women’s condition in 19th century, in which they did not have rights as men did. Gilman symbolized women’s imprisonment as The Yellow Wallpaper itself. Yellow is convinced representing woman. Additionally, the frame of the wallpaper represents prison. Through The Yellow Wallpaper, Gilman tried to fight for women in order to raise women’s degree.

There are six characters in this short story. They are the narrator, John, Jennie, Henry, Julia and Mary. The first character is the narrator (anonymous). She is a protagonist character that has main role in this story. Second character is John as an antagonist who has a conflict to the protagonist. He is the narrator’s husband. Next character is Jennie. She is John’s sister which means she is the narrator’s sister-in-law. Then, the fourth character is Henry. He is John’s cousin. The fifth character is Julia. She is also John’s cousin. The last character is Mary. Mary is John’s housekeeper and babysitter. All of the characters belong to round character, because they have complex character which means that they have only one characteristic.

Six characters that mentioned above have different characteristics. The narrator is a young wife that suffered from temporary nervous depression. She becomes gradually insane because of her anxiety. John, the narrator’s husband, is a physician. Actually, John loves his wife so much, but he shows his affection in improper way; he is too protective to the narrator. Jennie (the narrator’s sister-in-law) is one who takes care of the narrator during her illness. She is an understanding person. Henry and Julia is John’s cousin. They are not including in this story directly. Mary is one who responsible either for the narrator and John’s house or their baby. As a result, characters in this story are dynamic.

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Having Pets

Having domesticated animals at home is interesting. Some people decided to own pets because they need companion at home. They used to spend their leisure time by playing with their pets. Playing with pets is such king of refreshment. On the other hand, for some people, having pets may cause trouble and inconvenience. Some pets may damage the furniture. Furthermore, the owner should be responsible for the pets. There are several advantages and disadvantages of having pets.

Having pets has three advantages. First, pets reduce stress. According to a survey by Mindlab International, people will be more relaxed after spending time with their pets. Second, pets help people with serious illness. Some physicians have discovered that pets can motivate patients with serious illness such cancer. Third, pets affect owner’s health. Kids grow up in a home with furred animal –include cats and dogs- have less risk of allergies and asthma. Cats also lower risk of heart attack by reducing stress and anxiety. Dogs are able to either lower blood pressure and cholesterol or help people lose their weight.
The disadvantages of having pets are three; pets cost money. The owner has to pay for the food bills, grooming costs, accessories, etc. Then, pets can be destructive. However, training helps them to get used not to damage furniture. Next, pets carry health risk for some people. Allergy-prone family should reconsider about having pets.
In sum, owning domesticated animal at home has both advantages and disadvantages. In my honest opinion, it will be better if we have pets at home. Due to the fact that pets may have big contribution to our health.

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Capitalism

Capitalism means economic system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners, not the state. There are two kinds of capitalism, quasi-capitalism and absolute-capitalism. In quasi-capitalism system, government has right to interfere on decision making. On the other hand, government definitely has no intervention on decision making in absolute-capitalism system. The society in capitalism is divided into two classes, capitalist and worker class. Capitalist class consists of minority of people that have sufficient capital in producing and distributing goods. The rest is worker class consisting of majority of people who live off wage labor to fulfill their daily needs.
Capitalism is a profit-oriented system. They have to produce the best quality goods with the minimal cost produbtion and wage labor. The lower they pay labor, the more profit they will earn. It also does in the competitive side. The more creative and innovative in producing goods, the more consumers will buy the products. Therefore, they will get much more profit. Furthermore, the company should hire skilled labor in order to build productivity of the company. The company will not run well if there is no labor, of course.
There is free market economy in Capitalism in which government has no intervention in any kind of economic activities. All of the economic activities –such as taxation and pricing- are done by capitalist. Importing goods depends on the global market. So that, if they are not controlled it the local product will be go down before the imported product.

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Oprah Winfrey

            The word ‘The biggest adventure you can ever take is to live the life of your dreams’ shows us the real meaning of struggle. That is when you have an idea; you have to work hard to make it real. That is what Oprah called by The Biggest Adventure. Bringing the dream into the reality is not as easy as just dreaming about it. We need to sacrifice what we have.

            Oprah Winfrey’s quotation is ‘Turn your wounds into your wisdom’. No one wants to be hurt. On the other hand, experience the hurt makes us more resilient and mature. Experiencing the hurt also makes us more carefully on doing something, whether what we do will hurt other people or not. This experience helps us to control our emotion not to wound somebody else, for the reason that rewarded wound by wound is not solving the problems, but it creates another problem.
            Actually, Oprah is an obedient person, but she disobeyed the rules during her teenager. It might be indicated by her sick and tired of her childhood. She lived in poverty and used to wear potato sack as her uniform, so that her friends were mocked her at the school.
            The Oprah Winfrey Show focuses on issues of self-improvement, spirituality and self-help. It means that she wants to motivate other people. She tries to stimulate people to judge with different point of views, and take the lessons from whom she interviewed to.
            Not only being a host in her own program, Oprah has nominated on Oscar. She is successfully shows to us that everyone has a chance to change their life, even the world. It depends on them, whether they will take the chance or leave it. And, rich person is somebody who takes the chance and change the world.

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Composing a Writing

Writing in Indonesia is not as famous as in the West. People in the West prefer write their ideas to speak. It is totally different with Indonesian whose people prefer speak to write. As a learner, we have to submit some kind of writing (such as journal, thesis, book, etc) before graduating. In this case, there are many people who do not know how to produce a good writing. Sometimes, they are confused what should they write and how to start. Now, I would like to share to you how to compose a good writing.

There are six steps to compose a good writing. Here we go!

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I am Proud being Indonesian !

It's the first time for me nulis review buku and I publish it. Biasanya sih review buku cuman karna pak-sa-an tugas! Keinget dua tahun lalu, pas ayas sama temen-temen ayas silaturrahmi ke salah seorang guru. Tragedi obrolan berujung omelan temen-temen inilah yang mendorong ayas untuk nulis review tiap abis nulis buku (honestly, dimulai saya punya blog ini). Katanya, "tulis setiap buku yang sudah kalian baca, supaya isi buku itu nancep di otak. I did it, I always summarize every book I read". Setelah ayas pikir-pikir dan renungkan, I try to do it. Secara ayas orangnya pikunan banget, and I think this is the way mengurangi kepikunan saya.
OK, udah dulu prakata ayas. Here we gooo !
Ayas coba review bukunya bang Erditya Nur Arfah titled Merah Putih di Benua Biru. This is the book:

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My First Rashly Nonsense Post !

Wohoo ! Finally, ayas punya blog baru, ngahaha :D
OK, terdengar nonsense dan sedikit katrok memang. Di saat semua orang udah bisa ngehasilin uang through their blogs, ayas pasang template aja masih cari bantuan. Maklum newbie di ranah per-blog-an.

Ayas cerita dulu, dikit. Perkenalan ayas dengan blog ini dimulai oleh salah seorang dosen -tepatnya dosen English Prose- yg koar-koar katanya rugi kalau mahasiswa Bahasa Inggris gak punya blog. Banyak mahasiswa Bahasa Inggris yg dibodohi (bahasa Jawa-nya diakali, lebih mantepnya digobloki) mahasiswa-mahasiswa jurusan lain yg berdalih 'bantuin tugas gue dong' ato 'bikinin tulisan 200-300 kata dong, ntar gue bayar deh'. Nggak taunya, cukong-cukong ini menjual tulisan si mahasiswa Bahasa Inggris dengan harga yg lebih mahal. Nah lho !
Dosen lain yg ikut andil menyeret ayas ke dunia per-blog-an adalah dosen matakuliah Listening ayas. Dengan antusiasnya beliau bilang, "Kalian itu harusnya ngeblog, dg blog kalian bisa earn money. Apalagi as an English student, manfaatin skill kalian untuk earn much more money'. Cring cring cring ! Suara dolar berjatuhan dan dolar-dolar itu menghantui saya siang dan malam. Hahaha. Setelah menimbang segala hal, tersulutlah (bener gak sih bahasanya?) semangat ayas untuk ngeblog. Dan eng ing eng . . This is my new blog everyone. Hope it will help you even a little :D

Udah dulu deh ceritanya, mulai nggak content cerita ayas. Thank you for reading this nonsense post. The last I say, Happy reading guys :)

Best Regards,
Nur Inda Jazilah

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